Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso empahla emhlabeni jikelele kube yingxaki ebalulekileyo kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso empahla yolwandle kubangelwa yimfuno ephezulu, ukuxinana kweenqanawa, kunye nomthamo omncinci. Ukuqonda izizathu kunye neziphumo zokunyuka kwamaxabiso kubalulekile kumashishini nakubathengi ngokufanayo. Ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okuthumela impahla kuchaphazela amaxabiso eempahla ezingeniswayo kwaye kunegalelo ekunyukeni kwamaxabiso. Umzekelo, iindleko zokuthumela isitya kwiindlela zorhwebo ezinqumla ulwandle zanda.ngokuphindwe kasixhenxekwiinyanga ezili-18 emva koMatshi 2020. Le nto ichaphazela amacandelo ahlukeneyo, kuqukaindebe yeplastiki elahlwayo eyenziwe ngokwezifisoimboni.
Isishwankathelo seendleko zempahla kwihlabathi liphela
Imbali yoMxholo
Iindleko zoThutho ngaphambi kobhubhane
Ngaphambi kobhubhane we-COVID-19, iindleko zokuthutha emhlabeni jikelele bezizinzile. Ishishini lokuthumela ngenqanawa lalijongene nokuguquguquka ngenxa yemfuno yexesha lonyaka kunye notshintsho lwamaxabiso epetroli. Nangona kunjalo, olu tshintsho aluzange lubangele ukuphazamiseka okukhulu. Amashishini ayenokucwangcisa uthutho lwawo ngeendleko eziqikelelweyo.indebe yeplastiki elahlwayo eyenziwe ngokwezifisoUmzekelo, ishishini ligcine amazinga okuthumela azinzileyo okungenisa izinto ezikrwada kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle iimveliso ezigqityiweyo.
Impembelelo ye-COVID-19
Ubhubhane we-COVID-19 utshintshe kakhulu imeko yeendleko zokuthutha impahla kwihlabathi liphela. Ukuxinana kweechweba, ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi, kunye nokwanda kwemfuno kukhokelele ekunyukeni okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili kwamanani okuthumela impahla. Ixabiso lokuthumela isitya kwiindlela zorhwebo ezinqumla ulwandle linyuke ngokuphindwe kasixhenxe kwiinyanga ezili-18 emva koMatshi 2020. Olu nyuko luchaphazele amacandelo ahlukeneyo, kuqukaindebe yeplastiki elahlwayo eyenziwe ngokwezifisoishishini, elijongene neendleko eziphezulu zokusebenza. I-Logistics Manager's Index (LMI) ibhale amanqaku ayo aphezulu ngenxa yokunyuka kweendleko zothutho.
Iindlela Ezisetyenziswa Ngayo Ngoku
Idatha yamva nje kunye nezibalo
Idatha yakutshanje ibonisa ukuba iindleko zokuthutha emhlabeni jikelele ziqalile ukuzinza kodwa zisaqhubeka ziphezulu xa kuthelekiswa namanqanaba angaphambi kobhubhane. Izinga eliqhelekileyo lokuthutha iikhonteyina kwihlabathi liphela linyuke ngeamaxa amathathuphakathi kukaSeptemba 2020 noSeptemba 2021. Iindleko zokuthumela zibuyele kumanqanaba angazange abonwe ukusukela emva kokubaIngxaki Enkulu Yezemali. Iindebe yeplastiki elahlwayo eyenziwe ngokwezifisoIshishini liyaqhubeka nokubeka esweni ezi ndlela ukuze lilungise amaqhinga okubeka amaxabiso.
Iinguqu zeNgingqi
Iindleko zempahla zibonisa umahluko omkhulu kwimimandla. Iindlela ukusuka e-Asia ukuya eYurophu ziye zafumana ukwanda okuphezulu ngenxa yokuxinana kweechweba kunye nomthamo omncinci. Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iindlela zaseMntla Melika ziye zafumana ukunyuka okuphakathi. Olu mahluko kwimimandla luchaphazela amashishini ngokwahlukileyo. Umzekelo,indebe yeplastiki elahlwayo eyenziwe ngokwezifisoIshishini eYurophu lijongene neendleko eziphezulu zokungenisa impahla xa lithelekiswa nelaseMntla Melika. Iinkampani kufuneka zilandele olu tshintsho ukuze zigcine inzuzo.
Izizathu zokunyuka kwamaxabiso eempahla
Ukuphazamiseka kweCandelo loNikezelo
Ukuxinana kwezibuko
Ukuxinana kweenqanawa kuye kwabonakala njengento ebalulekileyo ekunyukeni kweendleko zokuthutha impahla kwihlabathi liphela. Ubhubhane ukhokelele ekwandeni kwemfuno yeempahla, nto leyo ebangele ukuba amazibuko athwale nzima kwihlabathi liphela. Iinqanawa zahlala emgceni iintsuku, ngamanye amaxesha iiveki, zilinde ukukhulula imithwalo. Oku kuxinana kubangele ukulibaziseka kunye neendleko ezinyukileyo kumashishini, kuquka lawo akwiindawo ezikufutshane.indebe yeplastiki elahlwayo eyenziwe ngokwezifisoimboni.Ibhlog ye-IMFugxininise ukuba ukuphazamiseka kweenkqubo zokuhambisa izinto kukhokelele kwiindleko zokuthunyelwa kweekhonteyina eziphezulu kunye nokunyuka kwamaxabiso okungenisa.
Ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi
Ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi kwenze ukuba ukuphazamiseka kweenkqubo zokubonelela ngempahla kube mandundu ngakumbi. Iinkampani zezibuko kunye nezothutho zasokola ukufumana abasebenzi abaneleyo bokujongana nokwanda komthamo weempahla.Iphephandaba lezoQoqosho le-ECBbaqaphele ukuba ukunqongophala kwabasebenzi kube negalelo ekulibazisekeni nasekunyukeni kweendleko zothutho.indebe yeplastiki elahlwayo eyenziwe ngokwezifisoIshishini lijongene nemingeni ekugcineni iishedyuli zemveliso ngenxa yokunqongophala kwabasebenzi.
Imfuno Eyandileyo
Ukwanda korhwebo lwe-elektroniki
Ukwanda kwezorhwebo lwe-elektroniki kube nefuthe elikhulu kwiindleko zokuthutha impahla. Abathengi batshintshela ekuthengeni kwi-intanethi ngexesha lobhubhane, nto leyo ekhokelele ekunyukeni kwemfuno yeenkonzo zokuthutha impahla. Oku kwanda kwanciphisa amandla eentambo zokuthutha impahla kwaye kwanyusa amaxabiso okuthutha impahla. Amashishini kwiindebe yeplastiki elahlwayo eyenziwe ngokwezifisoIcandelo libone ukunyuka kweendleko zokuthumela njengoko beziqhelanisa nemarike ekhulayo yorhwebo lwe-elektroniki.
Iincopho zeXesha
Iincopho zexesha lonyaka nazo zidlale indima ekunyuseni iindleko zokuthutha impahla. Ixesha leeholide kunye nezinye iincopho zibone ukunyuka kwemfuno yokuthutha impahla. Abathwali bothutho bonyuse amaxabiso ukuze balawule umthamo ophezulu weempahla.indebe yeplastiki elahlwayo eyenziwe ngokwezifisoishishini liye lafumana iindleko eziphezulu ngeli xesha liphezulu, nto leyo echaphazela inzuzo kunye namaqhinga okubeka amaxabiso.
Amaxabiso epetroli
Utshintsho kwiMarike yeoyile
Ukuguquguquka kwemarike yeoyile kube nefuthe ngokuthe ngqo kwiindleko zokuthutha impahla. Iinkampani zokuthutha impahla zijongene namaxabiso aphezulu epetroli, nto leyo ezayidlulisela kubathengi.indebe yeplastiki elahlwayo eyenziwe ngokwezifisoImizi-mveliso kwafuneka ithathe ezi ndleko zinyukileyo okanye izidlulisele kubathengi. Ukuguquguquka kwamaxabiso eoyile kongeze olunye ungqinisiso kwiindleko zokuhambisa.
Imithetho yokusingqongileyo
Imithetho yokusingqongileyo nayo ichaphazele amaxabiso epetroli, ngenxa yoko, iindleko zokuthutha. Imigangatho engqongqo yokukhupha ukungcola ifuna ukuba iinkampani zokuthutha zityale imali kumafutha acocekileyo kunye nobuchwepheshe. Olu tyalo-mali lonyuse iindleko zokusebenza.indebe yeplastiki elahlwayo eyenziwe ngokwezifisoishishini, njengabanye abaninzi, lijongene namazinga aphezulu okuthunyelwa kwempahla ngenxa yolu tshintsho lwemithetho.
Izinto zezePolitiki
Iimfazwe zorhwebo
Iimfazwe zorhwebo ziye zachaphazela kakhulu iindleko zokuthutha impahla kwihlabathi liphela. Amazwe abeka irhafu kunye nemiqobo yorhwebo, nto leyo ekhokelele ekwandeni kweendleko zokuthutha impahla.indebe yeplastiki elahlwayo eyenziwe ngokwezifisoIshishini lijongene neendleko eziphezulu xa lingenisa izinto ezikrwada ngenxa yezi ngxabano zorhwebo. Amashishini kufuneka alandele imigaqo enzima kunye neerhafu, ezibangela ukuba kube nzima ukuthutha izinto kwaye zonyuse iindleko zokusebenza.
IIbhlog ye-IMFigxininisa ukuba ukuphazamiseka kweenkqubo zokubonelela ngeenkonzo ngenxa yeemfazwe zorhwebo kukhokelela ekulibazisekeni kokuhanjiswa kweempahla. Ukunyuka kweendleko zothutho kubangelwa zezi ngxaki zezopolitiko. Iinkampani ezikwiindebe yeplastiki elahlwayo eyenziwe ngokwezifisoEli candelo lijongene nemingeni yokugcina amaxabiso ekhuphisanayo ngenxa yezi ndleko zongeziweyo.
Izahlwayo kunye neeRhafu
Izaphulelo kunye neeRhafu zonyusa iindleko zempahla
Izaphulelo kunye neerhafu zinyusa iindleko zokuthutha impahla ngokunciphisa urhwebo, zinyanzela amashishini afana neekomityi zeplastiki ezilahlwayo ukuba afune ezinye iindlela ezibiza kakhulu kwaye zibangele ukuphazamiseka kwekhonkco lokubonelela.
Imiphumo yeXabiso
Impembelelo kumashishini
- Iindleko eziphezulu: Ukunyuka kwexabiso lempahla kunyusa iindleko zokusebenza kwaye kuchaphazela inzuzo, nto leyo ekhokelela kwizicwangciso zokuhlaziya amaxabiso.
- Uhlengahlengiso lweCandelo loNikezeloIinkampani zifuna ababoneleli basekuhlaleni kwaye zityale imali kwiteknoloji yezothutho ukuze kuncitshiswe iindleko kunye nokulibaziseka.
Impembelelo kubathengi
- Amaxabiso aphezulu: Iindleko zokuthutha ezinyukileyo zidluliselwa kubathengi, nto leyo enyusa amaxabiso okuthengisa kwaye inegalelo ekunyukeni kwamaxabiso.
- Ukunqongophala kweMveliso: Iingxaki zobonelelo zikhokelela ekunqongophaleni kwezinto ezikhoyo kunye nokungafumaneki kakuhle kwemveliso, nto leyo echaphazela ulwaneliseko lwabathengi.
Iziphumo zezoqoqosho zexesha elide
- Ukunyuka kwamaxabisoIindleko eziphezulu zempahla eziqhubekayo zibangela ukunyuka kwamaxabiso, nto leyo echaphazela amandla okuthenga kunye nokuzinza koqoqosho.
- Iinguqu zorhwebo: Ukunyuka kweendleko kukhuthaza amashishini ukuba ahlole iimarike zengingqi kunye neendlela ezintsha zorhwebo, nto leyo etshintsha iipatheni zorhwebo lwehlabathi.
IsipheloUhlengahlengiso olucwangcisiweyo, olufana nokwahlukahlukana kweendlela zokubonelela kunye nokutyala imali kwitekhnoloji, lubalulekile ekunciphiseni impembelelo yokunyuka kweendleko zokuthutha kumashishini nakubathengi.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-09-2024